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Understanding Prostate Cancer
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FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions About Prostate Cancer

Our cancer doctors believe in empowering our patients with knowledge. Here are in-depth answers to some of the most common questions about prostate cancer:

Q: What are the early signs of prostate cancer?

A: Early prostate cancer often has no symptoms, which is why regular screenings are crucial. However, certain types of prostate cancer grow aggressively, spreading quickly and leading to a sudden onset of symptoms such as urination issues, erectile dysfunction, and pain in the lower back and pelvic area. Talk with your doctor to see if PSA testing, a digital prostate exam, or even a biopsy is recommended.

Q: How is prostate cancer diagnosed?

A: The only sure way to diagnose prostate cancer is through a biopsy. This test uses needles to remove several tissue samples from the prostate. They will be examined under a microscope to determine if the cells are abnormal. They will also be assigned a Gleason score, telling your oncologist and urologist how differentiated the cells are from healthy cells.

A lower Gleason score means you may be able to delay starting treatments. A higher Gleason score means you may need to start treatments now. Learn more about the Gleason score.

Q: Does a high PSA level mean I have cancer?

A: While a high PSA level can indicate cancer, it is important to undergo further testing to obtain an accurate diagnosis. Elevated PSA levels can also occur due to noncancerous conditions, such as an enlarged prostate or inflammation.

We encourage you to reach out to a member of the HOA prostate cancer team with any additional questions or concerns. We are happy to provide answers to help put you at ease.

Q: Is it safe to wait before starting prostate cancer treatment?

Prostate cancer is one of the only cancers which oncologists often suggest a watchful waiting period before starting treatments. It’s only recommended for slow-growing prostate cancer and for men with a lower Gleason score of 6 or 3+4=7.

Q: What happens during watchful waiting?

During watchful waiting, also called active surveillance, your primary care physician or urologist conducts periodic PSA tests to see if PSA is starting to rise. This is usually done every six months. They will also occasionally request another prostate biopsy to see if the cells are more differentiated. The results will let your doctor know if treatment should begin.

If you would like to schedule a consultation to discuss your diagnosis, our prostate cancer doctors are available at our cancer centers in East Syracuse, Camillus and Auburn, NY serving the entire Central New York region. You are welcome to call us directly for an appointment at 315.472.7504. No referral is necessary.